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INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 23389427 EISSN : 23389486 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 26 No 3, 2015" : 8 Documents clear

IN VITRO ANTIDIABETIC AND IN VIVO ANTIDIARRHEAL ACTIVITY OF Oncoba Spinosa ROOTS M, Prasanth Kumar; V, Suba; B, Ramireddy; P, Srinivas Babu
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 26 No 3, 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The different extracts of O.spinosa (Flacourtiaceae) were screened for in-vitro antidiabetic activity. Of all the extracts tested, ethanolic extract showed highest alpha amylase inhibition ranging from 8.64+0.66% to 79.94+0.65% and alpha glucosidase inhibition ranging from 14.12+0.51% to 78.68+0.36% when studied at concentrations 62.5-1000Î¼g/mL. The ethanolic extract was subjected to antidiarrheal activity and diarrheal severity was reduced significantly by 15.81% in 100mg/kg group, 30.45% in 200mg/kg group and 74.37% in 400mg/kg group in castor oil induced diarrhea model. In castor oil induced enteropooling, the extract at doses 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg showed 33.46% and 42.44% inhibition of intestinal accumulation. In the charcoal meal test, the distance travelled by charcoal meal was significantly reduced by the extract at doses 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg (P<0.01). The overall results tend to suggest the antidiabetic and antidiarrheal activities of O. spinosa.Key word : in vivo, in vitro, antidiabetic, antidiarrheal, O.spinosa, roots

MUTATION INDUCTION FOR IMPROVING OF ARTEMISININ CONTENT IN EACH PART OF ARTEMISIA CINA MUTAN LINES Aryanti, Aryanti; Yuniawati, Marina
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 26 No 3, 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Mutation induction on Artemisia cina herbal medicine by gamma rays with the doses of 10, 20 and 40 Gy have been conductedÂ at PAIR â€“ BATAN. The purpose of mutation for improving of plant traits which were mutant lines more artemisinin content than control plant. The mutant lines interest were collected based on morphological characters (flowers, leaves, roots and stems). Artemisinin contents so far are only found in the leaves, the improvement are expected not only to increase artemisinin content in leaves but also in the roots, stems and flowers of A.cina mutant lines by mutation induction using gamma rays by the doses of 10, 20 and 40 Gy, every dose was selected 8 mutant lines for analysis artemisinin content.To obtain artemisinin from all selected mutant lines, flowers, leaves, roots and stems were extracted by using n-hexan, and then fractionation by ethyl acetate. Artemisinin content were analyzed by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), and pure artemisinin used as standard.Â Mutation induction by the dose of 40 Gy have been improving dry weight of roots from 38.85Â to 76.19g, dry weight of leaves of mutant lines from 10 Gy irradiation was two times higher than leaves of parent plant, and three times by the dose of 40 Gy compared to dry weight of leaves parent plant, and no different by the dose of 20 Gy. The highest artemisinin content is 73.13mg/g in leaves of A26a3 mutant line and 36.68mg/g in flowers of A17.1 A.cina mutant lines, both of mutant lines from mutation induction by the dose of 10 Gy. Mutation induction by the dose of 20 Gy could improve artemisinin content in stems part of B12.1 mutant line from non detection in parent plant to 0.83mg/g. Mutation induction by the dose of 40 Gy improved artemisinin content to 1.90mg/g in roots and 1.50mg/g in stems of C27b1 and C8.3 mutant lines respectively. Artemisia cina un-irradiated as parent plant only contain artemisinin in flowers, leaves and roots were 0.13; 0.45 and 0.05mg/g respectively. Dose of 40 Gy is the best dose for enhancement of artemisinin content in each part of A.cina mutant lines.Key word : mutation, production of artemisinin, roots, stems, flowers

NARINGENIN-LOADED CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLES FORMULATION, AND ITS IN VITRO EVALUATION AGAINST T47D BREAST CANCER CELL LINE Winarti, Lina; Ruma Kumala Sari, Lusia Oktora; Nugroho, Agung Endro
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 26 No 3, 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Naringenin (NAR), a natural flavonoid aglycone of naringin has been extensively investigated for its pharmacological activities, including anti-tumor effects. However, its poor bioavailability has been identified as the single most important challenge in oral drug delivery. Based in this condition, it is used nanoencapsulation to increase the effectiveness of NAR as anti-cancer. The objectives of this research are to develop the formulation of NAR-loaded nanoparticles (NARNPs) as well as to evaluate its potential as anti-cancer against T47D breast cancer cells line. NARNPs is prepared through the method of ionic gelation, meanwhile its characteristic is evaluated through photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), and different scanning calorimeter (DSC). The result of MTT test and cellular uptake indicate that NARNPs increase citotoxicity and internalization of NAR to the cells compared to the free NAR. The result of qualitative apoptosis study using fluorescence microscope indicates that both free NAR and NARNPs are able to induce apoptosis. It can be conclude that Chitosan nanoparticles–TPP conjugates have the capability to encapsulate naringenin hence increase the cellular uptake and cytotoxcicity of naringenin against T47D cell line. NARNPs also can induce the apoptosis effect.Keywords: NAR, Chitosan (CS), ionic gelation, nanoparticles

OVERPRODUCTION OF MERCURIC REDUCTASE FROM MERCURY-RESISTANT BACTERIA KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE ISOLATE A1.1.1 Fatimawali, Fatimawali; Kepel, Billy; Tallei, Trina Ekawati
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 26 No 3, 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Mercury is a highly toxic compound in human. It can, however, be detoxified by mercuric reductase (MerA) protein derived from mercury resistant bacteria. This study aims to obtaine MerA protein by transforming merA gene into Escherichia coli BL21. Nucleotide sequence of merA gene of mercury resistant bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates A111, optimized by using gene program designers (www.dna20/com) then commercially synthesized and cloned in pET32b expression plasmid vector. Plasmid was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21 to produce MerA protein recombinant, induced with isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG). MerA proteins were analyzed by 10% sodium dodecyl sulphate poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE). The result showed that MerA protein with 60kDa was detected on SDS PAGE. The obtained MerA protein can be used in further research for the enzymatic detoxification of inorganic mercury.Key words: mercuric reductase, merA gene, MerA protein, Escherichia coli BL21

PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLYSACCHARIDE FROM MICROALGAE BTM 11 AS INHIBITOR OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS RNA HELICASE Mustopa, Apon Zaenal; Lages, Aksar Chair; Ridwan, Muhammad; Sukmarini, Linda; Susilaningsih, Dwi; Hasim, Hasim; Delicia, Delicia
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 26 No 3, 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Hepatitis C virus is one of the causative agents for HCV-related liver disease development with high virulence. Antiviral drugs can be discovered through molecular target-based therapy by finding the inhibitors for RNA helicase that play crucial role in viral replication. An inhibitor can be derived from polysaccharides produced by microalgae. In this study, polysaccharide from microalgae BTM11 which had inhibitory activity against RNA helicase have been purified and characterized.On the other hand, the RNA helicase was produced by E. coli BL21(DE3)pLyss harboring NS3 RNA helicase HCV gene in pET-21b plasmid. This enzyme then was purified by affinity chromatography and this purified enzyme was used for HCV RNA helicase inhibitory assay. Polysaccharide fractions were separated from the extract of BTM 11 using Sepharose 4B column chromatography. Inhibitor activity was measured using colorimetry ATPase assay based on releasing of phosphate inorganic. The results of SDS-PAGE and Western blot showed that the purified RNA helicase had a molecular weight of 54kDa. The highest inhibition activity of HCV RNA helicase (88 ± 2,4726%) was achieved at fraction 10 of purified polysaccharide. The HPLC result showed that compounds of polysaccharide active fraction were maltopentose (Rt 4.183) and glucose (Rt 5.673). Both of 1H-NMR and IR spectra showed hydroxyl and carbonyl groups that present in the polysaccharide structure. Key words: Hepatitis C Virus, RNA Helicase, Microalgae BTM11, chromatography, polysaccharide

DETERMINATION OF ELEMENTAL IMPURITIES IN SOME COMMERCIAL PAEDIATRIC AND ADULT FORMULATIONS OF ARTEMETHER – LUMEFANTRINE IN THE NIGERIAN MARKET BY ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY Awofisayo, Sunday O; Okhamafe, Augustine O; Arhewoh, Mathew I
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 26 No 3, 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The composition of elemental impurities in paediatric powder for suspension (PPS) and double strength tablet (DST) commercial anti-malarial formulations of artemether-lumefantrine (AL) were determined. Six randomly selected PPS and DST products from a list of marketed products were purchased from a registered Pharmacy outlet and analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The heavy metal levels were compared with the official limits for permitted daily exposure. The paediatric and adult products of AL presented the same types and number of elements with a total of 10 metals and levels ranging from 0.001-0.016 and 0.001-0.017ppm for the PPS and DST formulation, respectively. One of the DST and PPS products had significantly higher levels of cadmium, copper, chromium, nickel and cobalt compared with their respective formulation types (p<0.05). There was significant difference in the levels of chromium, nickel and cobalt but no difference in the levels of cadmium, lead, zinc and arsenic when DST and PPS products were compared (p<0.05). The drug products presented elemental oral exposure significantly lower than the permitted daily exposure. The levels of elemental impurities are satisfactory with respect to safety requirements. These impurities may adversely affect drug stability, shelf-life and bioequivalence of the products.Key words: Elemental impurities, Permitted Daily Exposure, Artemether-lumefantrine, Paediatric Powder for Suspension, Double Strength Tablets

ANTIHYPERGLYCEMIC, ANTIOXIDANT, AND PANCREAS PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF CORIANDRUM SATIVUM SEED IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS Widodo, Gunawan Pamudji; Handayani, Sri Rejeki; Hierowat, Rina
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 26 No 3, 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Coriandrum sativum is a medicinal plant, used in traditional medicine for diabetes therapy. The goal of the this study was to determine the antidiabetic, antioxidant and pancreas protection effects of ethanol extracts of C. sativum seeds (CSE) in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The male Wistar rats were induced diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150mg/kg BW). CSE was prepared and administrated orally to the animals at the dose of 125 and 250mg/kg for 28 days. Blood glucose level was measured, and antioxidant status was assessed by determining the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase as well as malonyl aldehyde in liver. Histopathological study of pancreas was conducted at the end of experimental period. Both dose of SCE showed the glucose lowering effect, corrected antioxidant status of diabetic animals in liver and protected the pancreas organ from damage. Key words: Coriandrum sativum seed, antihyperglycemia, antioxidant, pancreas protection

EFFECT OF DIALYZER REUSE UPON UREA REDUCTION RATIO (URR), KT/V UREA AND SERUM ALBUMIN IN REGULAR HEMODIALYSIS PATIENT Ni Made Amelia R. Dewi; Budi Suprapti; I Gde Raka Widiana
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 26 No 3, 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Reuse of dialyzers for hemodialysis can help in bringing down the cost of hemodialysis. On the other hand reuse of dialyzer may change dialyzer integrity. This study was undertaken to determine dialyzer reuse effect on Urea Reduction Ratio (URR), Kt/V urea and serum albumin. This was prospective study in Sanglah Public General Hospital Denpasar. Inclusion criteria for this study were patients who receive hemodialysis more than 3 months on twice weekly hemodialysis. In the study we used hollow fiber or dialyzer Elisio type H-130H reprocessed with Renaline automatically by machine renatron. After each session blood urea, post dialysis weight and serum albumin were measured. Measurements was performed on the use new dialyzer, 1st reuse, 4th reuse and 7th reuse. The dialyzer was discarded, if TCV fell below 80% of baseline value. Kt/V and urea reduction ratio (URR) were calculated as measure of dialysis adequacy. A total of 23 people completed the study. There was a lack of uniformity duration of hemodialysis, so that we also performed an analysis using a uniform length hemodialysis duration (4.5 hours) with 15 samples. There were no significant difference between URR and Kt/V urea of new dialyzer and dialyzer reprocessed by renaline respectfully with p=0.131 and p=0.373. If we analyzed only using uniform time of dialysis (4.5 h) the value of URR and Kt/V urea between new and reused dialyzer not significantly different with p=0.520 and p=0.784. There was also not found significant differences between serum albumin of the use new dialyzer and reused dialyzer by the time of uniform or non-uniform, respectfully with p=0.271 and 0.073. Reuse dialyzer does not alter efficacy of hemodialysis.Key words : Dialyzer, Urea Reduction Ratio (URR), Kt/V Urea, Albumin, Total Cell Volume (TCV)

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